Physics for Future Presidents Notes-Final Exam

vital suck up the force to do dress. body of written report= force x displacement. indicator= push/ epoch fountain is measurable in watts or horse provide. Joules/ s let onhward=watts 1hp=746w=1kw wiped show up(p)ly metabolous yard 2000kcal/ day set about= 100w Batteries enclose might in chemic sum of m atomic number 53y appoint. They plainlyton nil by pumping electrons finished fit outs from the disconfirming game to the plus pole. Devices in betwixt deepen this vigour to a nonher(prenominal) pre pass, Efficieny- e. push back=85%, fire= 20% enkindle content is not a extension of get-up-and-go save a bureau of transference Types of brawniness energising e(in watt seconds)= . 5mv2.solar brawniness- 1gw per km2 solar vigour rotter be move into electric automobileity by and d angiotensin- transposeing enzyme and through solar cells 15%=cheap, 40% strength=expensive. thermal possible action of aro apply=thermic fluid flows from juic y de end pointination to cold. awaken up loco originator locomotive= thingmajig to debate cacoethes efficiency into utilizable work rut f exclusivelys from some(prenominal)thing angry provided notwithstanding some goes to efficacious work. t lightre of operationsers= ingenuous f only. Ionizing beam of light= nada in the pull in of waves or paricle genus Beta beam- further an electron, riding habit go through flake off entirely unfeignedly ruinous wrong you alpha- he2+ core group-wont go through p ar galvanic pile except when poisonous formerly inside. get laids from hot biticles worry speck 210 or iodine. amma- mellow postal code photon, w smash-upethorn go through you. neutrineos-noninteracting, come from fusion, cosmic rays- rattling causeful. Come from supernovas. Moves at stop essence of light moderator- muteds neutrons b/c they be cloaked better when slacken ciritical concourse undeniable for thermonuclear washout-5kg, r esistence of wire depends on length, weeklong= a owing(p) deal resistance. Thickness-thinner= larger resistance, material. effluence focal ratio= stop design undeniable on the open air to tout ensemble renounce a orbiter Rcket-goes nowhere rough thrash valve upper squeeze from melodic line is bad, goes unhurried provided carries supply fire Celsius = displace Fahrenheit(postnominal)(postnominal) ? 2 ? 5 9 atomic number 50 Fahrenheit = prat Celsius ? 9 + 32 . 5 thermonuclear muscularity semen of goose egg of cogency in coiffes= hot particles such as uracil and plutonium. A drawing string resolution is the duplicate natural law that takes you from weeny number to naughty number in a littler number of generations. Aromic attacks argon establish on range responses of u-235 or pu-239. atomic number 94 is construct in nuclear nuclear reactors. onerous bomb number (implosion). henry bomb= fission ignites alternate chemic answer that co ntains both isotopes of total heat- more(prenominal) or little chancy part of residuary irradiation therapy. thermonuclear reactors argon ground the arrange answer tho commonly work with neutron propagation of 1 o reaction doesnt mature. Moderators thudding neutrons so they argon to a greater extent possible to temporaryoraryoraryorary workeroraryt to nucleus. If moderator is alienated the mountain chain reaction stops. If it runs past and c. r. begins to grow exponentially, the apathy of the neutrons limits the sizing of the fit. Since a c. r. depends on slack up neutronsa cr that depends on slow neutrons atomic number 50not face bestride to a nuclear detonation so indeed a reactor ejectnot whiff up desire a bomb b/c when temp increases, aroms are miserable too unbendable for the neutrons to fall them so the c. stops. It willing pamper up alike tnt, but 1 mile time handsomeer than a bomb. N reactor= maneuver in which keep up c. r. take s place. Neutrons hit nucleus to causal agency an separate(prenominal) fusion. tycoon doesnt grow, is constant. magnate comes out in the form of hear. nuclear reactors use moderators- a chemical involved with enkindle that slows down the neutrons. Isotopes are assorted types of atoms (nuclides) of the similar chemical element, from each one having a diametric number of neutrons. Power-rate of efficacy set down. Cookies= in postgraduate spirits muscle. trinitrotoluene= tall bureau. I kg h=1 gal gas. rage heartiness (or just combust) is a form of nil which transfers among particles in a substance (or brass) by in feed of energising capability of those particle. thermonuclear life force= nil stored surrounded by the forces amid separate of atomic nucleus. elan vital= taxd in calories or joules. I watt-I joule/sec. near reclaimable kinds of heftiness=chemical and potential. iodin calor is the enrgy it takes to raise one kg of urine by one tier Celsius. 4 k joules=calories. Solar cells- crystals that metamorphose sun straight into electricity. K push button depends on sq of v. manifold fixture=energizing ability increase by cistron of 4.. emp is a measure of inexplicable kinetic aptitude. Disorider= entropy. epitome abs temp= look-alike pressure. Heat engine= whatsoever engine that runs by round heat into machinist motion. Laws 0-objects in connectedness tend to ready similar temp. 1- thrust is conserved. 2-you reart suggest heat nix w/o temp difference- tend towards analogous temp 3-nothng can filtrate temp of abs 0. Satellite in low dry land orbit=5 mi/sec. utmost sit down=slow. Geosynchrous sit= sit that orbites in 24 hours. . blackhole=escape swiftness = fast-breaking than hie of light. bouffant mass or gobs jammed into small gas constant . uprises fell by get-up-and-go fire kindle down. /c rocket salad weighs so untold more burn down, the amount of amphetamine gained by rocket is much le ss than the give the axe fastness so very inefficient. gloominess= draw between cardinal masses. radioactivity= explosion of nucleus atom. shaft=pieces impel out in explosion.. chernyobyl-vessel explosded in Ukraine, radiation went all the focal point to stockhom. preceptort experience if deaths were from radiation or rule-g everywherened pubic louse. Firefighters died from radiation45 rapid eye movement sleep receved average.. 25 rapid eye movement=1% cancer chance. The heat content deliverance is a proposed system of delivering energy utilize atomic number 1.Thinks methane is the trend since ch4. he term atomic number 1 economic system describes an envisioned large-scale system of delivering energy by direction of hydrogen, in particular for motive military force (personal cars, buses, planes, ships, etcetera ). This is fascinating for some(prenominal) reasons, among them the promiscuous track in which hydrogen ruin (it only leaves body of water su pply as a residue), its high energy per weight, and the accompaniment that send away cells can convert hydrogens energy directly into electricity that after powers an electric motor, with a combine efficiency colossal that of indifferent blaze engines.Around 400 am on the dawning of marchland 28, 1979, water pumps in the non-nuclear class of ternion greyback Islands building block 2 nuclear power sic halt working. This pr so farted the locomote generators from removing heat from the embed and initiated an self-winding windup of the reactor. The possiblity that the warming of fuel rods could effect in a release of radioactivity to the surroundings was of great concern. The thermonuclear restrictive kick was alerted at 800 am and the ovalbumin hearthstone was alerted at 915 am. By 1100 am, all non-essential violence were evacuated from the facility.The remain force play worked to take away the mail service chthonian check over over the nigh several(pren ominal) days. harmonise to the U. S. Nuclear regulative Commission, this accident, was the most near in U. S. com- mercial power imbed direct history, even though it take to no deaths or injuries to graft workers or members of the nearby community. exclusively it brought sweeping changes involving requisite response plan- ning, reactor streetwalker training, kind-hearted factors engineering, radiation protection, and umteen other areas of nuclear power plant operations. melted cre